Material treating apparatus



Feb. 6, 1940. c. H. BELL MATERIAL TREATING APPATQATUS Filed Oct. 2, 1

FIG. 2.

A 111: 4 w u m I F &(

M. w 7 a, .l

INVENTOR C. H. BELL ATTORNEY EIEUNHTED STATES Patented Feb. 6, 1940 PATENT crates MATERIAL TREATING APPARATUS chimes H. Bell, Westfield, N. J., assignor to Nassau Smelting and Refining Company, In-

corporated, New York, N.

New York Application October 2,

3 Claims.

truded through the aperture or apertures in the vform of strands, whose size and cross-sectional form will be'determined by the size and shape of the apertures. The apparatus or extrusion press ordinarily used for this purpose 1557 comprises a hydraulic press, with the container or extrusion cylinder mounted on one of the principal press members and a ram adapted to fit closely into the cylinder mounted on the other press member to be driven thereby into the cylinder. Material placed in the cylinder will thus be extruded by the coaction of the ram and cylinder through. one. or more appropriate apertures formed in the cylinder or the ram. Materials to be thus treated may be of a wide variety -of kinds, e. g. the softer metals, lead, leadantimony, alloys, other alloys of lead, solders, alloysof tin, plastic materials such as Celluloid, the, artificial resins and the like, viscous solutions or pastes with volatile solvents, in short practically any substance or compound which will flow under the conditions; of temperature and l n Y Y entails pressures consideiaby 1 excess of that rigldly mounted on the un der S1 dc of the e pressure practicable within the cylinder.

Since the material to be extruded is extruded by plastic flow under pressure it is evident that the material in the cylinder of such an apparatus is, in effect, a liquid during the extrusion although it may be a very stiff and viscous one. Hence the material is then subject to the laws of hydrostatic pressure and so exerts its pressure in all directions against its confining walls. In particular, is this pressure exerted against the entire wall in which the extrusion apertures are formed, and material in contact with, or near to this Wall at points remote from the apertures must move more or less parallel to the wall to reach the apertures and escape. Since the materials are usually stiflly viscous in nature, this flow actually required for the extrusion itself. A

An object of the present invention is to produce an apparatus for extruding strand material container is made as high as practicably may be, I

to the end that the extrusion pressure and'there- Y., a corporation of 1937, Serial 1%. l66,956

by the strain on the apparatus may be materially diminished.

With the above andother objects in view, one 7 embodiment of the invention'conternplates an extrusion apparatus having a pair of complementary, coacting, annular, extrusion members which define an annular extrusion wall provided with a plurality of extrusion apertures.

Other objects and features of the invention will appear from the following detailed description of embodiments thereof taken in connec 7 tion with the accompanying drawing in which the same reference numerals are applied to identical parts in the several figures and in which A Fig. 1 is a broken view in elevation and partly in section of an apparatus for converting material into strand form; embodying the invention? Fig. ,2 is an enlarged broken sectional view of the ram; 6

Fig. 3 is a detachedplan view and modified form of the apparatus.

4 is a partial vertical sectional View of a of the die Gaus ian.

The embodiment of the invention disclosed in Figs. 1, 2 and 3 shows a hydraulic extrusion press of generally conventional form and structure modified as described belowto embody the invention. The press comprises a base, generallyindica-ted atilil, to which are secured the lower v enclsof a pair of vertical pillar guides 2 i, 22, and

a yoke z i'immovably secured across the tops of' the pillars. "The base structure includes a hy" draulic cylinder 25 and piston 26, of any suitable and well known construction. ,Upon the pistonifi.

is mounted an extrusion cylinder 2i upon a base 23. 6 All the above is generally and in detail of any appropriate and well known structure.

,There is no extrusion aperture or other outlet from the cylinder 27 except the upper opening thereof. I

Coaxially Within the cylinder 2? is located a vertical, solid, cylindrical corev 29, preferably.

24nto be coaxial with the chamber 30, and is of exterior diameter to fit snugly into the outer wall of the chamber. The ram 3i has a vertical coaxial bore 32 considerably larger in diameter than the core 2S, so that when the cylinder 3i is raised by the action of the hydraulic cylinder 25 and piston 26, the ram 3I fits tightly enough into the cylinder 21 to prevent the passage of any substantial quantity of material contained in the chamber 30 between the ram 3I and the cylinder 21, while an annular space is left between the core 29 and the ram 3|. Furthermore a suitable passageway 33 is formed in the yoke 24 coaxial with the bore 32. v

A die collar 34 is rigidly mounted in the ram 3| and within the bore 32 near the bottom end of the ram. This .collar is preferably removably so mounted in order to be readily interchanged in case of breakage or when a collar of other dimensions is desired. For similar reasons the core 29 is also arranged to be removably mounted in the base 28.

The die collar 34 is preferably a little larger in internal diameter than its corresponding core 29 and is provided with a preferably stainless steel closure ring 35 whose internal diameter is such as to fit snugly yet slidably around the core 29. A plurality of extrusion dies 36 is set into the under face of the die collar 34 in a circle concentric with the axis of the collar. Each such die 36 is in form a truncated cone with an axial bore to pass and shape material from the chamber 30. The die collar is formed with passage 3'! leading vertically up from each of the bores of the several dies 35. The die collar 34 may conveniently be held in place in the rain SI by jam screws 38. In describing the operation, let it be assumed that the apparatus is to be used to convert solder, such as the familiar mixture or alloy of equal parts of lead and tin, into strand or wire form. With the parts in the position shown in Fig. 1, the chamber 30 may be filled with molten solder substantially to the top. The press is then set in motion to bring the cylinder 21 up to meet and coact with the ram 3|. As the cylinder is forced up along the ram, the solder in the cylinder 2'! is put under heavy pressure and escapes from the chamber 38 by passing up through the bores of the dies 36 in the form of strands. The temperature of the material in the chamber 36 being within the range found to be satisfactory for the material in question, in the case of the solder mentioned about 400 F. more or less, the material emerges from the dies as solid strands 40 and may be led away by any convenient means such as a multigrooved roller 39 to be coiled for storage or otherwise treated.

In the modified form disclosed in Fig. l, the block AI on which the base I28 of the cylinder 21 rests is centrally perforated with a passageway I33, and the base I28 is provided with a ring of vertical perforations I37. The ram I 3|, in this instance is then a hollow cylinder dimensioned to just fit the chamber 30, and the strands 40 of material are extruded downwardly from the chamber 30 through the perforations I31 and the passageway I33. The perforations I 3'! will preferably be provided at their upper ends with dies such as 36, although these may be omitted as shown.

A characterizing feature of the invention as shown is that the extrusion chamber 30 is annular in cross-section and coacts with an annular ram 3I or I3I, whereby the ring 34 with its dies 36 or the annular portion of the surface of the base I 28 with the perforations I31 exposed to the pressure of the extrusion charge presents a relatively high ratio of aperture cross-section to obstructive supporting parts, while no part of the ring 34 or of the annular portion of the base I28 exposed to the pressure of the extrusion charge is at a greater distance from means to support it against that pressure than less than the breadth of the ring or annular portion. Thus the unsupported stresses on the die carrying member are materially lessened as compared with an arrangement not having some central member such as 29 or While the chamber 351 is here shown as circularly annular in cross-section, it obviously may have any other annular form desired. The embodiments of the invention herein disclosed are illustrative only and may be modified and departed from in many ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as pointed out in and limited solely by the appended claims.

What is claimed is:

1. In an extrusion press to simultaneously extrude a plurality of strands, an extrusion cylinder having a chamber of annular cross section, in combination with a ram of annular cross section to enter the annular chamber, the ram being provided at the end thereof which enters the annular chamber with an annular plurality of extrusion apertures.

2. In an extrusion press to simultaneously extrude a plurality of strands, an extrusion cylinder, and a core positioned coaxially within the cylinder to form an extrusion chamber of annular cross section between the core and the cylinder, in combination with a rain of annular cross section to enter the annular chamber and to receive the core therein, the ram being provided at the end thereof which enters the annular chamber with an annular plurality of extrusion apertures.

3. In an extrusion press to simultaneously extrude a plurality of strands, an extrusion cylinder, and a core positioned coaxially within the cylinder to form an extrusion chamber of annular cross section between the core and the cylinder, in combination with a ram of annular cross section of less thickness of well than the width of the annular chamber to enter the annular chamber and to receive the core therein and an extrusion die annulus mounted in the end of the ram which enters the chamber and of such width as with the rain will close the chamber, the die annulus being provided with an annular plurality of extrusion apertures.

CHARLES H. BELL. 

